Kwincwadi ethi “Invisible City” ebhalwe ngumbhali wase-Itali uCalvino, kukho isivakalisi esithi: “Isixeko sinjengephupha, kwaye yonke into enokucingwa inokuphupha…”
Njengendalo enkulu yenkcubeko yoluntu, izixeko zinomnqweno woluntu wobomi obungcono. Kangangamawaka eminyaka, ukusuka kuPlato ukuya kuMoore, uluntu belusoloko lunethemba lokwakha i-Utopia. Ke ngoko, ngandlela ithile, ukwakhiwa kwesixeko esitsha esikrelekrele kusondele kakhulu kubukho bephupha lomntu lobomi obungcono.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweziseko ezintsha zaseTshayina kunye nesizukulwana esitsha setekhnoloji yolwazi efana ne-Intanethi yezinto, ukwakhiwa nophuhliso lwezixeko ezikrelekrele luqhubeka ngokupheleleyo. Isixeko samaphupha esinokuva, sicinge, siguquke kwaye sibe nobushushu siya sizaliseka kancinci kancinci..
Iprojekthi yesibini ngobukhulu kwicandelo le-Intanethi yezinto:Isixeko esikrelekrele
Iprojekthi ye-smart city kunye ne-smart city ibe yenye yezona zinto zisebenzayo ekuthethwe ngazo. Iphunyezwa ikakhulu nge-Intanethi yezinto enenjongo nedibeneyo, idatha kunye noqhagamshelo, kunye nokudibanisa izisombululo kunye nezinye iitekhnoloji.
Ngokutshintsha ukusuka kwiiprojekthi zesixeko esikrelekrele sexeshana ukuya kwiqela lokuqala lezixeko ezikrelekrele zokwenyani, iiprojekthi zesixeko esikrelekrele ziya kwanda kakhulu. Enyanisweni, olu khula lwaqala kwiminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo lwaza lwakhawuleza ngo-2016. Phakathi kwazo, akunzima ukufumanisa ukuba iprojekthi yesixeko esikrelekrele yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili kwi-Intanethi yezinto ezisebenzayo.
Ngokwengxelo ekhutshwe yi-IoT Analytics, inkampani yaseJamani yohlalutyo lwe-Intanethi yezinto, ngokwembono yesabelo sehlabathi seeprojekthi ze-Intanethi yezinto, iprojekthi yesixeko esikrelekrele yiprojekthi yesibini ngobukhulu ye-Intanethi yezinto, emva koshishino lwe-Intanethi. Kwiprojekthi yesixeko esikrelekrele, usetyenziso oludumileyo luthutho olukrelekrele, lulandelwe zizixhobo ezikrelekrele.
Ukuze sibe sisixeko esikrelekrele "sokwenyani", isixeko sidinga indlela ebanzi yokudibanisa iiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuncamathisela uninzi lwedatha kunye namaqonga ukuze kufezekiswe zonke izibonelelo eziziswa sisixeko esikrelekrele. Phakathi kwazo,ubuchwepheshe obuvulekileyokwayeiqonga ledatha evulekileyoiya kuba sisitshixo sesigaba esilandelayo.
I-IDC ithe iqonga ledatha evulekileyo ngo-2018 liza kuba ngumda olandelayo weqonga le-Intanethi yezinto. Nangona kuza kubakho imiqobo ethile kwaye kungekho nto ikhankanyiweyo ngokukodwa ngezixeko ezikrelekrele, kuyacaca ukuba uphuhliso lwale qonga ledatha evulekileyo ngokuqinisekileyo luya kuba nesikhundla esiphambili kwicandelo lezixeko ezikrelekrele.
Kwi-“IDC FutureScape: Forecast of the Global Internet of Things in 2017″, i-IDC ikhankanye ukuvela kwale datha ivulekileyo. Le nkampani ithe ngo-2019, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40% yoorhulumente basekhaya nabengingqi baza kusebenzisa i-Intanethi yezinto ukuguqula iziseko zophuhliso ezifana nezibane zesitalato, iindlela kunye neempawu zendlela zibe yimpahla endaweni yamatyala.
Ziziphi iimeko zokusetyenziswa kwezixeko ezikrelekrele?Mhlawumbi asiyi kucinga kwangoko ngeprojekthi yokusingqongileyo okukrelekrele kunye neprojekthi yesilumkiso sezikhukula esikrelekrele, kodwa akunakuphikwa ukuba zibalulekile kwiprojekthi yesixeko esikrelekrele. Umzekelo, xa ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo ezidolophini luchaswa, esi sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokwakha iiprojekthi zesixeko esikrelekrele, kuba zinokubonelela ngeenzuzo ezithe ngqo neziluncedo kubemi.
Kakade ke, iimeko ezidumileyo zesixeko esikrelekrele ziquka ukupaka ngobuchule, ulawulo lwezithuthi ngobuchule, izibane zesitalato ngobuchule kunye nolawulo lwenkunkuma ngobuchule. Nangona kunjalo, ezi meko zihlala zidibanisa izinto ezixutyiweyo zokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukusombulula iingxaki zasezidolophini, ukunciphisa iindleko, ukuphucula ubomi basezidolophini kunye nokubeka abemi kuqala ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
Ezi zilandelayo ziimeko ezithile zesicelo okanye amasimi ezixeko ezikrelekrele:
Iinkonzo zikarhulumente, njengeenkonzo zabemi, iinkonzo zokhenketho, ezothutho lukawonke-wonke, ubuwena kunye nolawulo, kunye neenkonzo zolwazi.
Ukhuseleko loluntu, njengokukhanya okukrelekrele, ukujonga okusingqongileyo, ukulandelela izinto, amapolisa, ukujonga ividiyo kunye nokuphendula ngexesha likaxakeka.
Uzinzo, kuquka ukubeka esweni okusingqongileyo, ulawulo lwenkunkuma olukrelekrele kunye nokubuyiselwa kwayo, amandla akrelekrele, ukulinganisa okukrelekrele, amanzi akrelekrele, njl.
Iziseko zophuhliso, kuquka iziseko zophuhliso ezikrelekrele, ukubeka esweni impilo yezakhiwo kunye nezikhumbuzo, izakhiwo ezikrelekrele, ukunkcenkceshela okukrelekrele, njl.
Uthutho: indlela ekrelekrele, ukwabelana ngezithuthi ezidityanisiweyo, ukupaka okukrelekrele, ulawulo olukrelekrele lwezithuthi, ingxolo kunye nokubeka iliso kungcoliseko, njl.
Kwimimandla yeamayeza akrelekrele, imfundo ekrelekrele, ulawulo olukrelekrele, ucwangciso olukrelekrele, idatha ekrelekrele/evulekileyo, imisebenzi kunye neenkonzo zesixeko esikrelekrele zidibene ngakumbi, nto leyo ekwayeyona nto iphambili evumela isixeko esikrelekrele.
Asikuko nje isixeko esikrelekrele esisekelwe “kubuchwepheshe”
Njengoko siqala ukuya kwisixeko esikrelekrele ngokwenene, ukhetho oluhambelanayo, ukutshintshiselana ngedatha, iqonga le-Intanethi yezinto kunye nezinye izinto ziya kuqhubeka nokukhula.
Ingakumbi kwiimeko ezininzi zokusetyenziswa ezifana nolawulo lwenkunkuma ekrelekrele okanye ukupaka okukrelekrele, i-intanethi yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kwizixeko ezikrelekrele namhlanje ilula kwaye ingabizi kakhulu. Imeko-bume yasezidolophini idla ngokuba nogutyungelo oluhle lwe-wireless kwiinxalenye zeselula. Kukho amafu, izisombululo ezithile kunye neemveliso ezenzelwe iiprojekthi zesixeko esikrelekrele, kunye noqhagamshelo lwenethiwekhi yendawo ebanzi enamandla aphantsi (LPWAN) kwizixeko ezininzi kwihlabathi liphela. Ezi zanele ukuhlangabezana nezicelo ezininzi.
Nangona kukho inkalo ebalulekileyo yobuchwephesha, ukubaluleka kwezixeko ezikrelekrele kungaphezulu kakhulu koko. Abantu banokuthetha ngentsingiselo "yobulumko". Kakade ke, kwinyani entsonkothileyo nebanzi yezixeko ezikrelekrele, imalunga nokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabemi kunye nokusombulula imingeni yabantu, uluntu kunye noluntu lwasezidolophini.
Ngamanye amazwi,Iprojekthi yesixeko esikrelekrele esiphumeleleyo asikokubonakaliswa kobuchwepheshe, kodwa kukufezekiswa kwenjongo ngokusekelwe kwimbono iyonke yendalo esingqongileyo kunye neemfuno zabantu (kuquka neemfuno zokomoya).Kakade ke, ngokwesiqhelo, ilizwe ngalinye kunye nenkcubeko zahlukile. Nangona iimfuno ezisisiseko ziqhelekile, zikwabandakanya neenjongo zokusebenza kunye nezoshishino.
Namhlanje, nantoni na ebizwa ngokuba bubukrelekrele, nokuba sisakhiwo esikrelekrele, igridi ekrelekrele okanye isixeko esikrelekrele, eyona nto iphambili kuyo lunxibelelwano kunye nedatha, eziqatshelwa ziiteknoloji ezahlukeneyo kwaye ziguqulwe zibe bukrelekrele njengesiseko sokwenza izigqibo. Kakade ke, oku akuthethi ukuba unxibelelwano yi-Intanethi yezinto kuphela, kwaye uluntu oluqhagamshelweyo lubaluleke njengabemi.
Xa kujongwa imingeni emininzi yehlabathi efana nokwaluphala kwabantu kunye nemiba yemozulu, kunye "nezifundo" ezifunyenweyo kulo bhubhane, kuyacaca ukuba injongo yokuphinda kuhlolwe izixeko ibaluleke ngakumbi kunangaphambili, ingakumbi umgangatho wentlalo kunye nomgangatho wobomi zihlala zibalulekile.
I-Accenture yenze uphando ngokwembono yeenkonzo zikarhulumente kubemi, olufunde ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji entsha kuquka i-Intanethi yezinto, yaza yafumanisa ukuba ukuphucula ulwaneliseko lwabemi ngokwenene kubekwe kwindawo yokuqala. Njengoko itshathi yolwazi yolu phononongo ibonisa, ukuphucula ulwaneliseko lwabasebenzi nako kuphezulu kakhulu (80%), kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-Intanethi ehlaziyiweyo kuzise iziphumo ezibonakalayo.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-17-2023
